Report Literacy

How to read
your AuraGen report.

Percentiles, risk tiers, GWAS variants, odds ratios — explained plainly. Understanding your report is the first step to using it well.

Section 01

What your percentile means.

Your AuraGen PRS percentile places you on a distribution of the reference population (UK Biobank, n=337,000+). It tells you where your inherited risk sits relative to others — not what will happen to you.

Population Distribution
< 40th percentile
Favorable
40th – 60th percentile
Average
60th – 75th percentile
Slightly Elevated
> 75th percentile
Elevated
< 40th percentile
Favorable

Your genetic variants in this panel sit in the lower risk range of the population distribution. This is the most protective tier.

40th – 60th percentile
Average

Your score is near the population center. No meaningful elevation above average genetic risk for this trait.

60th – 75th percentile
Slightly Elevated

Moderately above average. Worth discussing with your physician, especially if you have other risk factors. Not cause for alarm.

> 75th percentile
Elevated

Your genetic predisposition is in the upper quartile of the population. This indicates higher inherited risk — not certainty of disease. It is a signal to be proactive.

See it in action
Want to see percentiles update in real time?

Our interactive PRS calculator lets you change genotypes across 6 disease panels and watch your percentile animate live — using the same math as real AuraGen reports.

Try the PRS calculator →
Section 02

Key terms explained.

Polygenic Risk Score (PRS)

A single number summarizing the cumulative effect of thousands of common genetic variants on your predisposition to a trait or condition. Calculated as the weighted sum of your risk alleles across all variants in a given panel.

GWAS

Genome-Wide Association Study. A study design that scans hundreds of thousands of genetic variants across large populations to find those statistically associated with a trait. AuraGen uses effect sizes exclusively from published, peer-reviewed GWAS.

Odds Ratio (OR)

A measure of how much a variant changes your odds of developing a condition, relative to the reference population. OR=1.25 means the risk allele is associated with 25% higher odds. AuraGen uses log(OR) as the weight for each variant in the PRS.

Risk allele

The version of a variant associated with higher risk in the GWAS. May be the reference (ref) or alternate (alt) allele depending on the study. You inherit one allele from each parent — so you can carry 0, 1, or 2 copies.

Percentile

A comparison to a reference population (primarily UK Biobank). 70th percentile means your PRS is higher than 70% of the calibration population. It says nothing about absolute risk — only your position on the inherited risk distribution.

CPIC Level A

The highest evidence tier from the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. It means there is strong enough evidence to change drug prescribing based on genotype. AuraGen PGx reports use only Level A evidence.

CYP enzymes

Cytochrome P450 enzymes — the liver's primary drug-metabolizing proteins. CYP2D6, CYP2C19, CYP3A4/5, and CYP2C9 together metabolize ~60% of all prescription medications. Your CYP genotype determines whether you are a poor, intermediate, normal, or ultra-rapid metabolizer.

Z-score

How many standard deviations your raw PRS sits above or below the population mean. Z = (your PRS − population mean) / population SD. The normal CDF converts this to a percentile.

RUO (Research Use Only)

AuraGen reports are Research Use Only and are not FDA-cleared diagnostic tests. They are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Always consult a healthcare provider before making medical decisions based on genetic information.

Section 03

Common misconceptions.

Common myth
"A high PRS means I will get the disease."
The reality

A high PRS reflects inherited predisposition — not destiny. Genetics is one factor among many. Lifestyle, environment, and early intervention all profoundly modify actual disease risk.

Common myth
"A favorable PRS means I'm protected."
The reality

A low PRS reduces inherited risk for that trait but doesn't eliminate it. You can still develop a condition through non-genetic pathways. Favorable genetics are not a substitute for healthy habits.

Common myth
"One variant determines everything."
The reality

Most common conditions are polygenic — influenced by thousands of variants, each contributing a tiny amount. No single variant tells the whole story. PRS captures the cumulative picture.

Common myth
"My ancestry doesn't affect the score."
The reality

PRS models are primarily validated in European-ancestry populations. AuraGen is transparent about this and applies ancestry-appropriate parameters where available. Multi-ancestry models are improving rapidly.

Section 04

What to do with your results.

1
Read the panel summary first

Each report opens with a one-paragraph summary of your overall panel result. Start there before diving into individual variants.

2
Note your tier and percentile

Your percentile places you on the population distribution. The tier (Favorable / Average / Slightly Elevated / Elevated) gives you the actionable category.

3
Review variant-level detail

For any variant showing a risk allele contribution, the report explains the gene, the biological mechanism, and the GWAS source. Expand the ones most relevant to you.

4
Share with your physician

AuraGen includes a physician summary letter on request. Most primary care physicians and genetic counselors can interpret percentile-based reports. The PGx report includes CPIC guidance your prescriber can act on directly.

5
Revisit with AuraGen Refresh

Genomic science advances every year. New GWAS, updated CPIC guidelines, and new panels are continuously published. AuraGen Refresh ($29/yr) re-runs your existing sequencing data against updated models annually.

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